Between 1996 and 1998, the party started to strengthen its organisation under Claudio Scajola, a former Christian Democrat who served as national coordinator of Forza Italia from 1996 to 2001. Forza Italia ( FI; translated to "Forward Italy" or "Let's Go Italy",) was a centre-right political party in Italy with liberal-conservative, Christian-democratic, liberal, social-democratic and populist tendencies. https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Forza_Italia&oldid=44937263, licencji Creative Commons: uznanie autorstwa, na tych samych warunkach, Korzystasz z Wikipedii tylko na własną odpowiedzialność. Follow RadioRomaCapitale to never miss another show. Foreign Minister, Cesare Previti Defence Minister, Alfredo Biondi Justice Minister and Giulio Tremonti (at the time an independent member of Parliament) Finance Minister. Key posts in the party structure were appointed by Berlusconi or by his delegates. As the main ideologic themes of Berlusconism, Orsina identified the myth of the "good" civil society (as opposed to the state apparatus), a "friendly, minimal state" (providing services to citizens rather than regulating their lives), "hypopolitics" (i.e. [85][86] Following an abandoned attempt to form a European political party with Rally for the Republic in 1997,[86] on 10 June 1998 Forza Italia was accepted into the Watch Queue Queue A scheme of the internal factions within Forza Italia could be this: Christian democrats and liberal-centrists were undoubtedly the strongest factions within the party, but all four were mainstream for a special issue: for example liberals and liberal-centrists were highly influential over economic policy, Christian democrats led the party over ethical issues (although there was a substantial minority promoting a more progressive outlook), while social democrats had their say in defining the party's policy over labour market reform and, moreover, it is thanks to this group (and to those around Tremonti, he himself a former Socialist) that constitutional reform was at the top of Forza Italia's political agenda. Its leader was Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy. Il Regolamento della Camera prevede che ciascun deputato debba appartenere a un Gruppo parlamentare.Entro due giorni dalla prima seduta i deputati devono dichiarare al Segretario generale della Camera a quale gruppo appartengono. The party regained power in the general election of 2001, gaining 29.4% of the votes with Giorgio La Malfa's tiny Italian Republican Party, in a new coalition called House of Freedoms (CdL) and composed mainly of the National Alliance, Lega Nord, Christian Democratic Centre and United Christian Democrats (the last two parties merged in 2002 to form the Union of Christian and Centre Democrats, UDC). Matilde Siracusano. Sprawdź tłumaczenia 'Forza Italia' na język Polski. A democracy cannot afford citizens in poor conditions. Forza Italia's organisation was based on the idea of a "party of the elected people", giving more importance to the whole electorate than to party's members. Listen to Francesco Giro, parlamentare di Forza Italia by RadioRomaCapitale for free. Forza Italia (FI, suom. Silvio Berlusconi. For the current Italian political party launched in 2013, see. In the same year, the party scored well (25.2% of votes) in the European Parliament election of 1999. It is difficult to say to what faction Berlusconi was closer, what is sure is that his political record was a synthesis of all the political tendencies within the party. Znamy już miejsce i datę kolejnego spotkania pod hasłem Forza Italia! [49], Forza Italia was a centre-right party, formed mainly by ex-Christian Democrats, ex-Liberals and ex-Socialists. [60][third-party source needed]. Throughout its existence, the party was characterised by a strong reliance on the personal image and charisma of its leader - it has therefore been called a "personality party"[22][23] or Berlusconi's "personal party"[24][25][26] - and the skillful use of media campaigns, especially via television. The party's anthem was sung in karaoke fashion at American-style conventions. For this, we believe concretely in the individual [...]. W 2013 powstała nowa partia o takiej samej nazwie. It has been claimed that Forza Italia had no internal democracy because there was no way of changing the leader of the party from below (although the party's constitution makes it possible). Zapoznaj się z przykładami tłumaczeń 'Forza Italia' w zdaniach, posłuchaj wymowy i przejrzyj gramatykę. [57], Forza Italia claimed to be a fresh new party, with no ties with the last governments of the so-called First Republic, and at the same time to be the heir of the best political traditions of Italy: Christian Democrat Alcide De Gasperi, Social Democrat Giuseppe Saragat, Liberal Luigi Einaudi and Republican Ugo La Malfa were considered as party icons. The core values of Forza Italia were "freedom" and the "centrality of the individual". [...] Freedom is not graciously conceded by the State, because it comes before it. This was the line of the early founders of the party, notably Marcello Dell'Utri and Antonio Martino. In foreign policy he shifted the country's position to more closeness to the United States, while in economic policy he was not able to deliver the tax cuts he had openly promised throughout all 2001 electoral campaign. [4], In fact the electoral base of Forza Italia was highly heterogeneous and the ideological differences among its voters are explained also by its different regional constituencies: while voters from the North tended to support the original libertarian line of the party, voters from the South tended to be more statist. [50][third-party source needed] The party was a member of the European People's Party (EPP) and presented itself as the party of renewal and modernization. In November 2008 the national council of the party, presided by Alfredo Biondi, voted to merge Forza Italia into The People of Freedom (PdL),[29] Berlusconi's new political vehicle, whose official foundation took place in March 2009. Additionally, National Alliance leader Gianfranco Fini was appointed Deputy Prime Minister and Foreign Minister from 2004 to 2006, while Roberto Castelli, senior figure of Lega Nord was Justice Minister from 2001 to 2006. FI is considered a prototypical example of the business-firm party, in that it was strongly centered on Berlusconi, who had created the party to further his own private interests.[71][72][73][74][75]. Forza Italia Comiziano. Samochód został poddany gruntownym zabiegom upiększającym, z użyciem produktów marki Gtechniq. However, the party obtained substantial successes in the 1995 Italian regional elections, both in the North (winning in Piedmont, Lombardy and Veneto) and the South (Campania, Apulia and Calabria). leggi le slide a cura del gruppo parlamentare forza italia – berlusconi presidente alla camera dei deputati L.ELETTORALE: SISTO (FI), ‘ZINGARETTI HA GIA’ ARCHIVIATO DIALOGO CON OPPOSIZIONE’ ”La disinvoltura con cui Zingaretti parla della legge elettorale come… Miała charakter centroprawicowy, należała do Europejskiej Partii Ludowej. On 21 November 2008 the national council of the party, presided over by Alfredo Biondi and attended by Berlusconi himself, officially decided the dissolution of Forza Italia into The People of Freedom (PdL), whose official foundation took place on 27 March 2009. A few months after its creation, Forza Italia came to national power after the 1994 general election as the head of a political coalition called Pole of Freedoms/Pole of Good Government, composed of Lega Nord, National Alliance, Christian Democratic Centre and Union of the Centre. Regional elections in April 2005 were a serious blow for the party, which however remained strong in the northern regions, such as Lombardy and Veneto, and somewhere in the South, where Sicily was a stronghold. [27] The party's organisation and ideology depended heavily on its leader. We believe in the values of our Christian tradition, in the life values which cannot be renounced, in common good, in freedom of education and learning, in peace, in solidarity, in justice, in tolerance [...]. Fan Page. Video servizio di Telebelluno. Again all key ministerial posts were given to Forza Italia members: Interior (Claudio Scajola 2001–2002, Giuseppe Pisanu 2002–2006), Defence (Antonio Martino 2001–2006), Finance (Giulio Tremonti, 2001–2004 and 2005–2006), Industry (Antonio Marzano 2001–2005, Claudio Scajola 2005–2006) and Foreign Affairs (Franco Frattini, 2002–2004). The party was founded in December 1993 and won its first general election soon afterwards in March 1994. [4] Chiara Moroni, who explains Forza Italia's ideology as a mixture of liberal, Christian-democratic and social-democratic values (united in the concept of "popular liberalism" in party documents), wrote that "Berlusconi offered to voters liberal values through a populist style" and that "Forza Italia has made the liberal political ideal popular" among voters, so that "it was spread and shared by broad and heterogenous sectors of the Italian population". VICARIO GELMINI Mariastella VICEPRESIDENTE BALDELLI Simone TESORIERE LAFFRANCO Pietro ALTRI MEMBRI ABRIGNANI Ignazio ANGELUCCI Antonio ARCHI Bruno BERGAMINI Deborah BIANCOFIORE Michaela According to Orsina, Berlusconism sanctified "the people" that embodied all virtues while being "betrayed" by the (old) elites, a typical element of populist ideologies. [50] In a speech during a party congress in 1998, Berlusconi himself proclaimed: "our liberal vision of the State is perfectly in agreement with the Catholic social teaching". On 18 November, after Forza Italia claimed to have collected the signatures of more than 7 million Italians (including Umberto Bossi) against Romano Prodi's second government to ask the President of the Republic Giorgio Napolitano to call a fresh election,[43] Berlusconi announced that Forza Italia would have soon merged or transformed into The People of Freedom (PdL) party.[44]. Sprawdź tłumaczenia 'Forza Italia' na język Angielski. It denounced corruption, dominance of political parties and remnants of communism as Italy's ills, while advocating market economy, the assertion of civil society and more efficient politics as the solutions. #conoscereperdeliberare [21], Alessandro Campi has written that "the political culture of Forza Italia – a curious and, on many respects, untold mixture of "liberalism" and "democratic populism" – deserves to be described as an "anti-ideological ideology", [...] as a synthesis or fusion of very diverse political families and traditions (from liberal Catholicism to social conservatism, from reformist socialism to economic liberalism), kept together by the mobilizing appeal to "freedom"". Politician. Miała charakter centroprawicowy, należała do Europejskiej Partii Ludowej . [32], FI's political programme was strongly influenced by the manifesto "In Search of Good Government" (Alla ricerca del buongoverno) authored in late 1993 by Giuliano Urbani who was then a political science professor at Milan's private Bocconi University and an occasional collaborator of Fininvest. Tre deputati di Forza Italia alla Camera passano al gruppo parlamentare della Lega. This led to the disappearance of the five parties which governed Italy from 1947: DC, PSI, PSDI, PLI and PRI (they formed a successful five-party coalition called Pentapartito from 1983 to 1991, and then governed without PRI from 1991 to 1994) and to the end of the so-called First Republic. Su https://vivicentro.it trovi notizie di cronaca, politica, cultura, sport e tanto altro ancora. The name is not usually translated into English: Combined result of Forza Italia (17.8%) and, traditional social teaching of the Church, Learn how and when to remove this template message, List of Forza Italia leading members by political origin, ""Forza Italia ha raggiunto quota 400mila iscritti"", "Forza Italia si scioglie, ora è Pdl Berlusconi: "Dal '94 nulla è cambiato, "Oggi nasce il partito del popolo italiano", "Via l'Ici e stretta sulle intercettazioni", "Svolta di Berlusconi, arriva il Pdl: "Forza Italia-An sotto stesso simbolo, "Berlusconi: Forza Italia back and I will be driving it, "Silvio Berlusconi Relaunches Forza Italia on Senate Ousting Vote", "Berlusconi breaks away from Italian government after party splits", "Berlusconi, via alle tre riforme "Facciamo una politica di sinistra, "Fecondazione, divisi i vertici di Forza Italia", "Berlusconi: la Margherita venga con noi moderati", "Pera e la difesa dell' astensione, scontro tra i poli", "Fecondazione, Ruini chiama all' astensione", "The business firm model of party organisation: Cases from Spain and Italy", Italian Socialist Party of Proletarian Unity, Italian Democratic Party of Monarchist Unity, Early 20th-century Italian political parties, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Forza_Italia&oldid=999738979, Articles lacking reliable references from December 2014, Articles needing additional references from November 2014, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from August 2020, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. In an atmosphere of reconciliation with Gianfranco Fini, Berlusconi also stated that the new party could have seen the participation of other parties. Forza Italia has imparted a deep cultural innovation, combining the language of the Church tradition with the liberal and reformist thought.[4]. [39] In a couple of months Forza Italia became one of the leading Italian parties, achieving a large consensus through an accurate strategy of communication and pounding electoral spots aired by the Mediaset TV channels.[40]. Si tratta di Laura Ravetto, ex sottosegretario del governo Berlusconi, Federica Zanella e Maurizio Carrara. [31] Only slowly it transformed into a mass-membership organisation. Sprawdź tłumaczenia 'Forza Italia' na język Niemiecki. The first Berlusconi-led government had a short life and fell in December, when Lega Nord left the coalition, after disagreements over pension reform and the first avviso di garanzia (preliminary notice of an investigation) for Berlusconi, passed by Milan prosecutors. Even some former Communists were leading members of the party, such as national party coordinator Sandro Bondi and Ferdinando Adornato. Odzyskała władzę w 2001 z poparciem LN, tworząc koalicję Dom Wolności, którą sprawowała do 2006. Forza Italia[nb 1] (FI; translated to "Forward Italy"[2][9][10][11][12][13] or "Let's Go Italy",[14][15][16][17]) was a centre-right[8] political party in Italy with liberal-conservative,[2][3][18][19] Christian-democratic,[4][8][20] liberal,[4][8][20][21] social-democratic[4] and populist[5][6][7] tendencies. Fratelli d'Italia. In national office, the government's popularity kept declining steadily year after year. Forza Italia – włoska partia polityczna założona 18 stycznia 1994 przez Silvia Berlusconiego, który był jej przewodniczącym przez cały okres funkcjonowania. [80][81][82], Given the perceived use of government responsibility to advance Berlusconi's personal and Fininvest's business interests during the period of Forza Italia-led government, the political scientist Patrick McCarthy in 1995 proposed to describe Forza Italia as a "clan" rather than a reform-minded political party. Forza Italia’s methods more closely resembled the American model, and utilized methods such as: stickering, SMS messaging, and mass-mailing of campaign material. [64] The party usually gave to its members freedom of conscience on moral issues (and hence a free vote), as in the case of the referendum on stem-cell research,[65] but leading members of the party, including Silvio Berlusconi,[66] Giulio Tremonti and Marcello Pera[67] (who is himself non-Catholic, although friend of Pope Benedict XVI), spoke in favour of "abstention" (as asked by the Catholic Church,[68] to not surpass the 50% of turnout needed for making the referendum legally binding). In June 2013 Berlusconi announced the upcoming revival of Forza Italia, and the transformation of the People of Freedom into a centre-right coalition. Forza Italia's aim was to attract moderate voters who were "disoriented, political orphans and who risked being unrepresented" (as Berlusconi described them), especially if the Democratic Party of the Left (the direct heirs of the Italian Communist Party) had been able to win the next election and enter in government for the first time since 1947. WikiMatrix WikiMatrix . […] "2", dopo quella di Silvio Berlusconi). Most members of the party were former Christian Democrats (DC): Giuseppe Pisanu (former member of the leftist faction of DC and Minister of Interior), Roberto Formigoni (President of Lombardy), Claudio Scajola (former Minister of the Interior and of Industry), Enrico La Loggia, Renato Schifani, Guido Crosetto, Raffaele Fitto, Giuseppe Gargani, Alfredo Antoniozzi, Giorgio Carollo, Giuseppe Castiglione, Francesco Giro, Luigi Grillo, Maurizio Lupi, Mario Mantovani, Mario Mauro, Osvaldo Napoli, Antonio Palmieri, Angelo Sanza, Riccardo Ventre and Marcello Vernola are only some remarkable examples. Ekipa Gtechniq Polska, spośród społeczności Forza Italia, wybrała samochód. Italy was shaken by a series of corruption scandals known as Tangentopoli and the subsequent police investigation, called Mani pulite. In the 1994 European Parliament election held in June, Forza Italia was placed first nationally, with 30.6% of the vote, electing 27 MEPs. The party did not join an existing group in the European Parliament, instead forming the new group Forza Europa, composed entirely of Forza Italia MEPs.[41]. In the election for the Chamber of Deputies, FI scored 23.7% and 137 seats, in those for the Senate 24.0%, without counting Trentino-Alto Adige, whose seats were contested on first-past-the-post basis and which is a left-wing stronghold, due to its alliance with the autonomist South Tyrolean People's Party). Ten artykuł dotyczy partii działającej w latach 1994–2009. The electoral results of FI in general (Chamber of Deputies) and European Parliament elections since 1994 are shown in the chart below. Forza Italia's leader was replaced as Prime Minister by Lamberto Dini, an independent politician who had been the administration's Treasury Minister. However, Berlusconi viewed "the people" as a pluralistic and diverse collection of individuals, not an ethnically, historically and culturally homogeneous unit.[69][70]. The concepts of a good civil society and hypopolitics were both liberal and populist; while the minimal state was a mainly liberal idea and the new virtuous elite a chiefly populist one. Renato Brunetta. Its appeal to voters was based on Berlusconi's personality more than on its ideology or programme.[28]. While Pera campaigned hard for the success of the boycott along with most FI members, both Berlusconi and Tremonti explicitly said that "abstention" was their personal opinion, not the official one of the party. In June 2001, after the huge success in May elections, Silvio Berlusconi was returned head of the Italian government, the longest-serving cabinet in the history of the Italian republic. Vieni a visitare il nostro portale e non te ne pentirai. Silvio Berlusconi was sworn in May 1994 as Prime Minister of Italy in a government in which the most important cabinet posts were held by fellow Forza Italia members: Antonio Martino was W 1994 była główną częścią koalicji Oś Wolności, która jednak upadła, gdy Liga Północna opuściła ten sojusz. Forza Italia (FI) è un partito politico italiano di centro-destra.Fondato il 16 novembre 2013 da Silvio Berlusconi, riprende il nome e il simbolo dell'omonima formazione politica, attiva dal 18 gennaio 1994 al 27 marzo 2009.. Vi è confluita la maggioranza degli esponenti del Popolo della Libertà dopo la scissione dell'area di Angelino Alfano, passata invece al Nuovo Centrodestra. [83] In 2004, ten years after the emergence of the party and during its second term in government, Mark Donovan summarised that this still might be an accurate description. În el se regăsesc majoritatea reprezentanților formațiunii Popolo della Libertà , după sciziunea lui … Si conclude così l’interrogazione parlamentare depositata ieri in via telematica, dall’onorevole Pierantonio Zanettin, parlamentare veneto di Forza Italia, in relazione alle gestione dell'emergenza da Covid in provincia di Trento. [30] To extend its representation in different regions, FI often recruited established politicians of the "old" parties, mainly DC and PSI, who defected to the new party, bringing their local clientele with them. [31] The new party's campaigning was strongly dependent on Fininvest's TV stations and PR resources. He asserted that the party (and the centre-right camp) was only coherent and disciplined when it came to questions that strongly concerned Berlusconi, while he allowed great liberties to the diverse factions in other issues that did not concern his personal interests.[84]. The incumbent Berlusconi-led government narrowly lost to The Union coalition, which returned Romano Prodi as Prime Minister, relegating Forza Italia and its House of Freedoms allies to opposition. Un saluto da tutta la redazione. Many were former Liberals (PLI), Republicans (PRI) and Social Democrats (PSDI): Alfredo Biondi (president of Forza Italia's national council) and Raffaele Costa, both former PLI leaders, and former PSDI leader Carlo Vizzini were later MPs for Forza Italia. [4] From a comparative perspective the ideology of Forza Italia has been characterized as liberal conservative[3][51][52][53] (or conservative liberal[54]), national conservative[55] and liberal. This government which centrist, liberal, with Catholics and reformists, intends to advance with policies that the left-wing promises by word of mouth.[63]. easy, you simply Klick Le storie.Indagini sui valori della classe parlamentare di Forza Italia catalog load tie on this post or even you will heading to the absolutely free submission guise after the free registration you will be able to download the book in 4 format. Party national-level conventions did not have normally elections to choose the party leadership (although the national congress elected some members of the national council), and they seemed to be more like events arranged for propaganda purposes. It is decidedly a left-wing policy. Its leader was Silvio Berlusconi, four times Prime Minister of Italy . It is a natural right, which belongs to us as we are human beings and it itself rather lays the foundations of the State. Before being merged into the PdL, Forza Italia had a president (currently Silvio Berlusconi), two vice-presidents (Giulio Tremonti and Roberto Formigoni), a presidential committee (presided by Claudio Scajola) and a national nouncil (presided by Alfredo Biondi). Regarding the latter issue, generally speaking, northern party members were staunch proposers of political and fiscal federalism, and autonomy for the Regions (in some parts of Veneto and Lombardy, it was sometimes difficult to distinguish a member of FI from a leghista), while those coming from the South were more cold on the issue. However it is possible to distinguish some patterns. Vice President of the President's Committee: This page was last edited on 11 January 2021, at 18:38. [87] In December 1999 Forza Italia was finally granted full membership of the European People's Party (EPP).[42]. [41] In 1995, Forza Europa merged with the European Democratic Alliance to form the Union for Europe group alongside the Rally for the Republic of France and Fianna Fáil of Ireland.